Professor Xiaohong Li | Engineering

Prof Xiaohong Li

Professor and Chair of Energy Storage, Director of Global Development

X.Li@exeter.ac.uk

01326 255769

Overview

Xiaohong received her BSc in Organic Chemistry in 1990 from Lanzhou University. After experience as an engineer/project manager for PetroChina Ltd, she returned to university to complete her MSc in Analytical Chemistry in 2000 and PhD in Physical Chemistry in 2003 from Lanzhou University and Peking University. Between 2003 and 2013, she had worked in the University of Southampton and appointed as a Senior Consulting Engineer in the Research Institute for Industry. Xiaohong is currently a professor and chair of energy storage in Renewable Energy Group and Director of Global Development (Renewable Energy Penryn) at the University of Exeter.

Xiaohong’s research interests focus on energy conversion and storage, with an emphasis on battery electrode materials, anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysers for hydrogen production, and nanoscale materials for electrocatalysis. She is currently the principal investigator at the University of Exeter side for a Horizon 2020 project of MELODY Membrane-free low cost high density redox flow battery, an EU Interreg 2 Seas project of E2C Electrons to high value Chemical products, and the Co-Director of EPRSC Place-Based Impact Acceleration Account project of GW-SHIFT: Great Western Supercluster of Hydrogen Impact for Future Technologies.

Xiaohong is the author of > 100 peer-reviewed journal papers including two book chapters and 10 invited review papers in the area of redox flow battery (RFB) technology and AEM water electrolyser for hydrogen production. She is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) and a Fellow of The Higher Education Academy (FHEA).

Google Scholar Citations

LinkedIn

ORCiD

Research Interest

AEM Water Electrolyser for Hydrogen Production: Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysers have a great potential to achieve high efficiency in cost-competiveness because AEM are capable to employ non-precious metal catalysts and cheaper membranes. Xiaohong has 30 published papers on AEM in the area of catalyst development for hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions.

Membrane-free RFB for Energy Storage: Redox flow battery (RFB) is seen as a promising energy storage technology for grid-scale applications since RFBs possess advantages such as flexibility, mobility, fast response, safe operation, but not dependent on geographical factors and not involving enormous capital investment, in which, membrane-free RFB systems utilize single electrolyte and therefore no need for membranes. This feature enables system to simplify design and to reduce cost significantly. This novel approach has been her centered scientific interest since 2008. To date, Xiaohong has been involved in four large RFB projects and published > 20 research papers in the area.

For more, please visit the website of Energy Storage Research.

Supervision of PhD Student Research Project

Xiaohong’s research group is offering supervision of PhD research (and self-funded PhD students) in the areas of (if interested, please send your CV and research proposal to contact Xiaohong for discussion)

Battery electrode materials and engineering design
Nanomaterials for battery, supercapacitor, and catalyst study
Green hydrogen production from renewables via water electrolysis
Catalyst development of novel AEM water electrolyser cell for green hydrogen production for energy storage
Development of low cost membrane-free redox flow battery systems for energy storage
Recycling of lithium ion battery
Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemical testing of electrode materials for sodium ion batteries
If interested in applying China Scholarship Council PhD Scholarships with research area stated above or close, please contact me.

Current PhD Studentship Opportunities

Research Projects

EPSRC Place-Based Impact Acceleration Account Award (EP/Y023994/1). Project title: “GW-SHIFT: Great Western Supercluster of Hydrogen Impact for Future Technologies”. 2024-2027. This project brings researchers from across the GW4 Alliance of Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter universities alongside Swansea, South Wales, and Plymouth and will work with 25 civic and industry partners to maximise the enormous potential of the South West of England and South Wales hydrogen ecosystem. Total grant is £2.5m. Role: Co-Director and principal investigator in University of Exeter side.
Horizon 2020 grant: “MELODY: Membrane-free low cost high density redox flow battery”. 2020-2025. This project involves eight project partners across Europe. Total grant is €4m. Role: principal investigator in University of Exeter side. For more details, please visit the project website: https://melodyproject.eu/.
QUEX Accelerator Grant: “Green hydrogen production and glycerol waste mitigation”. 2024-2025. Seed funding award of £30k from the QUEX Institute, a pioneering collaboration between the University of Queensland and the University of Exeter, to promote a broadening of academic and research collaboration between the two universities. Role: principal investigator in University of Exeter side. For more details, please visit the QUEX Institute website https://www.exeter.ac.uk/global/quex/.
Royal Academy of Engineering UK-Germany Energy Systems Symposium Award: “Flow battery and green hydrogen as energy storage system in coupling renewable energy source”. 2021-2022. Seed funding in collaboration with Helmut Schmidt University in Germany. Role: principal investigator.
ERDF Interreg 2 Seas grant: “E2C: Electrons to high value Chemical products”. 2018-2023. This project is R&D collaboration between eight partners across Europe. Total grant is €7.185m. Role: principal investigator in University of Exeter side. For more details, please visit the project website: https://www.voltachem.com/e2c.
ERDF Interreg Atlantic Area grant: “FAN-BEST: Funding Atlantic Network for Blue Economy Technology Transfer”. 2019-2023. This project is a collaboration between nine partners across Atlantic regions. Total grant is €2.594m. Role: Co-investigator.
ERDF ESIF grant: “Cornwall Marine Hydrogen Centre”. 2021-2023. In collaboration between University of Exeter and Pure Energy Professionals. Total grant is £737k. Role: Co-investigator.
ERDF ESIF grant: “Cornwall New Energy”. 2017-2020. In collaboration between five partners. Total grant is £2.657m. Role: Co-investigator.
EPSRC grant: “Zinc-Nickel Redox Flow Battery for Energy Storage”. 2016-2020. This project is a collaboration between University of Exeter, Imperial College London and University of Warwick. Total grant is £1.034m. Role: principal investigator.

Teaching Modules

ENE3007 - Energy Storage Technology (module leader)
CSM1037 - Science for Energy Engineering (deputy module leader)
ENEM101 - Renewable Energy Systems (lecturer)
ENEM105 - Low Carbon Vehicles and Transport (lecturer)
CSMM432 - Economics, Energy & Environment (lecturer)
ENE3011 - Renewable Energy Third Year Dissertation (supervisor)
ENEM104 - Renewable Energy MSc Dissertation (supervisor)
CSMM402 - Industrial Placement Project (supervisor)

Publications

_{Copyright Notice: Any articles made available for download are for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the copyright holder.}

| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1994 | 1993 | 1992 |

2024

Corbin J, Jones M, Lyu C, Loh A, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Li X. (2024) Challenges and progress in oxygen evolution reaction catalyst development for seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production, RSC Advances, volume 14, pages 6416-6442, DOI:10.1039/d3ra08648h.
Li X, Cao J, Chen J, Zhu Y, Xia H, Xu Z, Gu C, Xie J, Jones M, Lyu C. (2024) UV‐Induced Synthesis of Graphene Supported Iridium Catalyst with Multiple Active Sites for Overall Water Splitting, Advanced Functional Materials, DOI:10.1002/adfm.202313530.

2023

Loh A, Li X, Sluijter S, Shirvanian P, Lai Q, Liang Y. (2023) Design and Scale-Up of Zero-Gap AEM Water Electrolysers for Hydrogen Production, Hydrogen MDPI, volume 4, pages 257-271, DOI:10.3390/hydrogen4020018.
Li X, Corbin J, Lyu C, Jones M. (2023) Where green hydrogen production increasingly meets academia: A perspective on current research efforts from the University of Exeter, H2 View - ReView 2022/23, pages 74-75.

2022

Trudgeon D, Li X. (2022) Enhanced Surface Area Carbon Cathodes for the Hydrogen–Bromine Redox Flow Battery, Batteries, volume 8, pages 276-276, DOI:10.3390/batteries8120276.
Tang Y, Liu F, Liu W, Mo S, Li X, Yang D, Liu Y, Bao S-J. (2022) Multifunctional carbon-armored Ni electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution under high current density in alkaline electrolyte solution, Applied Catalysis B Environmental, volume 321, pages 122081-122081, DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.122081.
Popat Y, Trudgeon D, Li X, Connor P, Asokan A, Suss M. (2022) Electrochemical testing of carbon materials as bromine electrodes for the hydrogen-bromine redox flow battery, Batteries, volume 8, no. 10, DOI:10.3390/batteries8100166.
Qiu K, Trudgeon D, Li X, Yufit V, Chakrabarti B, Brandon N, Shah A. (2022) Study of Quaternary Ammonium Additives towards High-Rate Zinc Deposition and Dissolution Cycling for Application in Zinc-Based Rechargeable Batteries, Batteries, volume 8, pages 106-1-106-17, DOI:10.3390/batteries8090106.
Tang Z, Cao G, Jiang C, He J, Loh A, Wang Z, Zhao J, Li X, Lai Q, Liang Y. (2022) Decoupling Layer Metal-Organic-Frameworks via Ligand Regulation to Achieving Ultra-Thin Carbon Nanosheets for Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis, Nanoscale, DOI:10.1039/D2NR02895F.
Shah SA, Xu L, Sayyar R, Khan I, Yuan A, Shen X, Li X, ULLAH H. (2022) FeNi@N-doped Graphene Core-Shell Nanoparticles on Carbon Matrix Coupled with MoS2 Nanosheets as a Competent Electrocatalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Advanced Materials Interfaces, DOI:10.1002/admi.202201040.
Loh A, Trudgeon DP, Li X, Liu M-C, Kong L-B, Walsh FC. (2022) Selection of oxygen reduction catalysts for secondary tri-electrode zinc-air batteries, Scientific Reports, volume 12, DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-10671-5. [PDF]
Xu L, Shah SA, Khan H, Sayyar R, Shen X, Khan I, Yuan A, Yaseen W, Ghazi ZA, Naeem A. (2022) Ni3S2 nanostrips@FeNi-NiFe2O4 nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon microsphere: An improved electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, volume 617, pages 1-10, DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2022.02.129.
Li F-F, Gao J-F, He Z-H, Brandon N, Li X, Kong L-B. (2022) Engineering novel Ni2-XCoxP structures for high performance lithium-ion storage, Energy Storage Materials, volume 48, pages 20-34, DOI:10.1016/j.ensm.2022.03.007. [PDF]
Loh A, Trudgeon DP, Li X, Liu M-C, Kong L-B, Walsh FC. (2022) Selection of Oxygen Reduction Catalysts For Secondary Tri-Electrode Zinc-Air Batteries, DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1264292/v1.
Popat Y, Trudgeon D, Zhang C, Walsh F, Connor P, Li X. (2022) Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine-Based Flow Batteries, ChemPlusChem, volume 87, DOI:10.1002/cplu.202100441.
Li X, Kong L, Liu M, Cao J, Wang R, Zhang W, Yan K, Walsh FC. (2022) Supercapacitors for short term, high power energy storage, Energy Storage Handbook, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

2021

Shirvanian P, Loh A, Sluijter S, Li X. (2021) Novel components in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWE’s): Status, challenges and future needs. A mini review, Electrochemistry Communications, volume 132, pages 107140-107140, DOI:10.1016/j.elecom.2021.107140.
Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhang L, Li X, Yang S, Jia X. (2021) Performance mutation mechanism and parametric characterization method of high-capacity lithium-ion battery, Journal of Power Sources, volume 507, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230282.
Fakhrul Ridhwan Samsudin M, Ullah H, Tahir AA, Li X, Hau Ng Y, Sufian S. (2021) Corrigendum to "Superior photoelectrocatalytic performance of ternary structural BiVO4/GQD/g-C3N4 heterojunction" [J. Col. Interf. Sci. 586 (2021) 785-796], J Colloid Interface Sci, volume 602, DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.096. [PDF]
Trudgeon D, Loh A, Ullah H, Li X, Yufit V, Brandon N, Liu M, Kong L. (2021) The Influence of Zinc Electrode Substrate, Electrolyte Flow Rate and Current Density on Zinc-Nickel Flow Cell Performance, Electrochimica Acta, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137890.
Trudgeon DP, Li X. (2021) The effect of electrolyte and additive concentration on zinc–nickel flow cell performance, Electrochimica Acta, volume 367, pages 137479-137479, article no. 137479, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137479. [PDF]

2020

Luo Y, Tang Z, Cao G, Bi D, Trudgeon DP, Loh A, Li X, Lai Q, Liang Y. (2020) Cu-assisted induced atomic-level bivalent Fe confined on N-doped carbon concave dodecahedrons for acid oxygen reduction electrocatalysis, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, volume 46, pages 1997-2006, DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.058.
Samsudin MFR, Ullah H, Tahir A, Li X, Ng YH, Sufian S. (2020) Superior Photoelectrocatalytic Performance of Ternary Structural BiVO4/GQD/g-C3N4 Heterojunction, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.003. [PDF]
Lin Y, Wang P, Loh A, Wan L, Habib U, Xu Z, Li X, Wang B. (2020) Assembling flower-on-sheet CoP–NiCoP nanohybrids as efficient self-supported electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkaline media, Journal of Materials Science, volume 56, no. 4, pages 3375-3386, DOI:10.1007/s10853-020-05445-1. [PDF]
Sood S, Bouamama BO, Dieulot J-Y, Bressel M, Li X, Ullah H, Loh A. (2020) Bond Graph based Multiphysic Modelling of Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Cell, The 28th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED), Saint-raphaël, France, 15th - 18th Sep 2020.
Ullah H, Loh A, Trudgeon D, Li X. (2020) Density Functional Theory Study of NiFeCo Trinary Oxy-hydroxides for Efficient and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalyst, ACS Omega, volume 5, pages 20517-20524, DOI:10.1021/acsomega.0c02679.
Loh A, Li X, Taiwo OO, Tariq F, Brandon NP, Wang P, Xu K, Wang B. (2020) Development of Ni-Fe based ternary metal hydroxides as highly efficient oxygen evolution catalysts in AEM water electrolysis for hydrogen production, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.253. [PDF]
Trudgeon D. (2020) Study and Development of the Zinc Electrode for the Alkaline Zinc-Nickel Redox Flow Battery.
Peng Y, Cao J, Yang J, Yang W, Zhang C, Li X, Dryfe, RAW, Li L, Kinloch IA, Liu Z. (2020) Laser Assisted Solution Synthesis of High Performance Graphene Supported Electrocatalysts, Advanced Functional Materials, volume 30, pages 2001756-2001756, DOI:10.1002/adfm.202001756.

2019

Wang Y-K, Liu M-C, Cao J, Zhang H-J, Kong L-B, Trudgeon DP, Li X, Walsh FC. (2019) 3D Hierarchically Structured CoS Nanosheets: Li+ Storage Mechanism and Application of the High-Performance Lithium-Ion Capacitors, ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, volume 12, no. 3, pages 3709-3718, DOI:10.1021/acsami.9b10990.
Loh A. (2019) Development of Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Electrodes in Alkaline Electrochemical Systems.

2018

Trudgeon D, Qiu K, Li X, Mallick T, Taiwo OO, Chakrabarti B, Yufit V, Brandon N, Crevillen-Garcia D, Shah A. (2018) Screening of effective electrolyte additives for zinc-based redox flow battery systems, Journal of Power Sources, volume 412, pages 44-54, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.030.
Arenas LF, Loh A, Trudgeon DP, Li X, Ponce de León C, Walsh FC. (2018) The characteristics and performance of hybrid redox flow batteries with zinc negative electrodes for energy storage, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, volume 90, pages 992-1016, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.016.
Xu K, Loh A, Wang B, Li X. (2018) Enhancement of Oxygen Transfer by Design Nickel Foam Electrode for Zinc−Air Battery, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, volume 165, pages A809-A818, DOI:10.1149/2.0361805jes.

2017

Xie M, Chen Y, Li X, Brandon N, Yang J, Wu X. (2017) Influences of surfactant additives on performances of lead acid flow batteries, The 10th International Conference on Lead-Acid Batteries, LABAT 2017, Bulgaria, 13th - 16th Jun 2017, https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85032442944&origin=inward&txGid=dd3eebefd7c855188c02b0e1ead5c58d.
Zhang W-B, Ma X-J, Loh A, Li X, Walsh FC, Kong L-B. (2017) High Volumetric Energy Density Capacitors Based on New Electrode Material Lanthanum Nitride, ACS Energy Letters, volume 2, no. 2, pages 336-341, DOI:10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00636. [PDF]
Li X, Loh A, Xu K, Wang B. (2017) Influence of synthesis parameters on amorphous manganese dioxide catalyst electrocatalytic performance, Electrochimica Acta, volume 245, pages 615-624, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.188.

2016

Dong J, Wu X, Chen Y, Brandon N, Li X, Yang J, Yu J, Zhang W, Hu Y, Yu W. (2016) A study on Pb²⁺/Pb electrodes for soluble lead redox flow cells prepared with methanesulfonic acid and recycled lead, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, volume 46, no. 8, pages 861-868, DOI:10.1007/s10800-016-0980-y.
Pletcher D, Li X, Price SWT, Russell AE, Sönmez T, Thompson SJ. (2016) Comparison of the Spinels Co 3 O 4 and NiCo 2 O 4 as Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysts in Alkaline Media, Electrochimica Acta, volume 188, pages 286-293, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.10.020. [PDF]

2015

Li X, de Léon CP, Walsh FC, Wills RGA, Pletcher D. (2015) Chapter 8 Zinc-based flow batteries for medium- and large-scale energy storage, Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage, Elsevier, 293-315, DOI:10.1016/b978-1-78242-013-2.00008-x.
Li X, de Léon C. P, Walsh FC, Wills RGA, Pletcher D. (2015) Zinc-based flow batteries for medium- and large-scale energy storage, Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage: Types and Applications, 293-315, DOI:10.1016/B978-1-78242-013-2.00008-X.
Koukharenko E, White N, Li X, Nandhakumar I. (2015) Ion-Track Etched Templates for the High Density Growth of Nanowires of Bismuth Telluride and Bismuth Antimony Telluride by Electrodeposition, ECS Transactions, volume 64, no. 35, pages 9-14, DOI:10.1149/06435.0009ecst. [PDF]
Cao J, Wang Y, Chen J, Li X, Walsh FC, Ouyang JH, Jia D, Zhou Y. (2015) Three-dimensional graphene oxide/polypyrrole composite electrodes fabricated by one-step electrodeposition for high performance supercapacitors, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, volume 3, no. 27, pages 14445-14457, DOI:10.1039/c5ta02920a.
Li X, Cao J, Wang Y, Walsh FC, Ouyang J, Jia D, Zhou Y. (2015) Materials and fabrication of electrode scaffolds for deposition of MnO2 and their true performance in supercapacitors, Journal of Power Sources, volume 293, pages 657-674, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.115.
Zhang X, Hampshire J, Cooke K, Li X, Pletcher D, Wright S, Hyde K. (2015) High surface area coatings for hydrogen evolution cathodes prepared by magnetron sputtering, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, volume 40, pages 2452-2459, DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.107. [PDF]

2014

Liu M, Kong L, Kang L, Li X, Walsh FC, Xing M, Lu C, Ma X, Luo Y. (2014) Synthesis and characterisation of M3V2O8 (M = Ni or Co) based nanostructures: a new family of high performance pseudocapacitive materials, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, volume 2, pages 4919-4926, DOI:10.1039/c4ta00582a.
Kong L, Lu C, Liu M, Luo Y, Kang L, Li X, Walsh FC. (2014) The specific capacitance of sol–gel synthesised spinel MnCo2O4 in an alkaline electrolyte, Electrochimica Acta, volume 115, pages 22-27, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.089.
Price SWT, Thompson SJ, Li X, Gorman SF, Pletcher D, Russell AE, Walsh FC, Wills RGA. (2014) The fabrication of a bifunctional oxygen GDE without carbon components for alkaline secondary batteries, Journal of Power Sources, volume 259, pages 43-49, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.02.058. [PDF]

2013

Li X, Wills R. (2013) Zinc-Air Flow Batteries, Southampton Electrochemistry Conference, Southampton, Uk, 22nd - 23rd Mar 2013.
Pletcher D, Li X, Walsh FC, Russell AE. (2013) Oxygen Electrodes for Alkaline Metal-Air Flow Batteries, the 4th International Flow Battery Forum, Dublin, Ireland, 25th - 28th Jun 2013.
Li X, Pletcher D, Russell AE, Walsh FC, Wills R, Gorman S, Price S, Thompson S. (2013) A novel bifunctional oxygen GDE for alkaline secondary batteries, Electrochemistry Communications, volume 34, pages 228-230, DOI:10.1016/j.elecom.2013.06.020.

2012

Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC, Russell AE, Wills R, Price S. (2012) Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for the Rechargeable Zinc-air Flow Battery, the 3rd International Flow Battery Forum, Munich, Germany, 25th - 28th Jun 2012.
Liu M, Kong L, Lu C, Luo Y, Kang L, Li X, Walsh FC. (2012) A sol-gel process for the synthesis of NiCo2O4 having improved specific capacitance and cycle stability for electrochemical capacitors, volume 159, no. 8, pages A1262-A1266, DOI:10.1149/2.057208jes.
Leung P, Li X, Ponce de Leon C, Berlouis L, Walsh FC. (2012) Progress in redox flow batteries, remaining challenges and their applications in energy storage, volume 2, pages 10125-10156, DOI:10.1039/c2ra21342g.
Pletcher D, Li X, Wang S. (2012) A comparison of cathodes for zero gap alkaline water electrolysers, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, volume 37, pages 7429-7435, DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.013.

2011

Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2011) ChemInform Abstract: Electrodeposited Lead Dioxide Coatings, ChemInform, volume 42, no. 41, pages no-no, DOI:10.1002/chin.201141211.
Koukharenko E, Li X, Kuleshova J, Beeby SP, Nandhakumar IS, White NM. (2011) Correlation of microstructural properties with thermoelectric performance of Bi0.Sb1.Te3 film fabricated by electroplating, Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, Usa, 5th - 9th Apr 2010, MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL), volume 1267, DOI:10.1557/PROC-1267-DD10-18.
Zhang C, Sharkh SM, Li X, Walsh FC, Zhang C. (2011) The performance of a soluble lead-acid flow battery and its comparison to a static lead-acid battery, Energy Conversion and Management, pages 3391-3398, DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2011.07.006.
Pletcher D, Li X. (2011) Prospects for alkaline zero gap water electrolysers for hydrogen production, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, volume 35, pages 15089-15104, DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.08.080.
Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2011) Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings, Chemical Society Reviews, volume 40, pages 3879-3894, DOI:10.1039/c0cs00213e.
Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2011) Nickel based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution in high current density, alkaline water electrolysers, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, volume 13, pages 1162-1167, DOI:10.1039/c0cp00993h.

2010

Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2010) Electrocatalyst for Zero-Gap Alkaline Water Electrolysers, Southampton Electrochemistry Conference, Southampton, Uk, 21st - 23rd Mar 2010.
Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2010) Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Alkaline Water Electrolysers, the 217th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Vancouver, Canada, 25th Apr - 1st May 2010.
Kuleshova J, Koukharenko E, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Tudor J, Beeby SP, White NM. (2010) Optimization of the Electrodeposition Process of High-Performance Bismuth Antimony Telluride Compounds for Thermoelectric Applications, Langmuir: the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, volume 26, no. 22, pages 16980-16985, DOI:10.1021/la101952y.
Shah AA, Li X, Wills R, Walsh FC. (2010) A Mathematical Model for the Soluble Lead-Acid Flow Battery, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, volume 157, pages A589-A599, DOI:10.1149/1.3328520.
Collins J, Li X, Pletcher D, Tangirala R, Stratton-Campbell D, Walsh FC, Zhang C. (2010) A novel flow battery: A lead acid battery based on an electrolyte with soluble lead(II) Part IX. Electrode and electrolyte conditioning with hydrogen peroxide, Journal of Power Sources, volume 195, pages 2975-2978, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.10.109.

2009

Li X, Koukharenko E, Nandhakumar IS, Tudor J, Beeby SP, White NM. (2009) High density p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 nanowires by electrochemical templating through ion-track lithography, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, volume 11, pages 3584-3590, DOI:10.1039/b818040g.
Li X, Pletcher D, Walsh FC. (2009) A novel flow battery: A lead acid battery based on an electrolyte with soluble lead(II) Part VII. Further studies of the lead dioxide positive electrode, Electrochimica Acta, volume 54, pages 4688-4695, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.03.075.
Collins J, Kear G, Li X, Pletcher D, Tangirala R, Stratton-Campbell D, Walsh FC, Zhang C. (2009) A novel flow battery: A lead acid battery based on an electrolyte with soluble lead(II) Part VIII. The cycling of a 10 cm × 10 cm flow cell, Journal of Power Sources, volume 195, pages 1731-1738, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.09.044.

2008

Koukharenko E, Tudor MJ, Beeby SP, White NM, Li X, Nandhakumar I. (2008) Micro and Nanotechnologies for Thermoelectric Generators, Measurement and Control, volume 41, no. 5, pages 138-142, DOI:10.1177/002029400804100501. [PDF]
Nandhakumar IS, Li X, Koukharenko E, Beeby SP, White NM. (2008) Development of highly-efficient thermoelectric power generator by electrochemical templating through ion-track lithography, Gordon Research Conference, New London, Usa, 19th - 20th Jul 2008.
Koukharenko E, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Tudor J, Beeby SP, White NM. (2008) Development of nanostructures for thermoelectric microgenerators using ion-track lithography, IEE Electronics Letters, volume 44, no. 7, pages 500-501, DOI:10.1049/el:20080111.
Koukharenko E, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Tudor J, Beeby SP, White NM. (2008) Towards a nanostructured thermoelectric generator using ion-track lithography, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, volume 18, DOI:10.1088/0960-1317/18/10/104015.
Li X, Nandhakumar IS. (2008) Direct electrodeposition of PbTe thin films on n-type silicon, Electrochemistry Communications, volume 10, pages 363-366, DOI:10.1016/j.elecom.2007.12.036.
Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Attard GS, Markham ML, Smith DC, Baumberg JJ. (2008) Nanotemplated lead telluride thin films, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, volume 118, pages 403-407, DOI:10.1016/j.micromeso.2008.09.019.

2007

Li X, Baumberg JJ, Nandhakumar IS, Smith DC, Attard GS. (2007) Mesoporous Semiconductors: A route to metamaterials?, EPSRC NanoPhotonics Portfolio Review Meeting, Southampton, Uk.
Koukharenko E, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Speed J, Tudor J, Beeby SP, White NM. (2007) Towards nanostructured thermoelectric generator for energy harvesting, Power MEMS, Freiburg, Germany, 28th - 29th Nov 2007.

2006

Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Attard GS, Smith DC, Baumberg JJ, Markham ML. (2006) Nanotemplated mesoporous PbTe films, the 57th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, Edinburgh, Uk, 27th Aug - 1st Sep 2006.
Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Gabriel T, Attard GS, Markham ML, Smith DC, Baumberg JJ, Govender K. (2006) Electrodeposition of mesoporous CdTe films with the aid of citric acid from lyotropic liquid crystalline phases, Journal of Materials Chemistry, volume 16, no. 31, pages 3207-3214, DOI:10.1039/b603911a.
Tong X, Xu CL, Zhao DD, Li X, Li HL. (2006) Electrodeposition of mesoporous manganese dioxide supercapacitor electrodes through self-assembled triblock copolymer templates, Journal of Power Sources, volume 164, no. 2, pages 953-958, DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.100.

2005

Markham ML, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Smith DC, Baumberg JJ, Attard GS. (2005) Nanoporous Semiconductor-Based Metamaterials, CLEO/QELS and PhAST Conference on Lasers and Electro-optics/Quantum Electronics, California, Usa, 19th - 24th May 2005.
Smith DC, Markham ML, Baumberg JJ, Li X, Nandhakumar IS, Attard GS. (2005) Optical and Optoelectronic Properties of a Nanoporous Cadmium Telluride based Metamaterial, Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco, Ca, Usa, 28th Mar - 1st Apr 2005.

2004

Zhou Y-K, He B-L, Zhou W-J, Huang J, Li X-H, Wu B, Li H-L. (2004) Electrochemical capacitance of well-coated single-walled carbon nanotube with polyaniline composites, Electrochimica Acta, volume 49, no. 2, pages 257-262, DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2003.08.007. [PDF]
Nandhakumar IS, Gabriel T, Li X, Attard GS, Markham ML, Smith DC, Baumberg JJ. (2004) Optical properties of mesoporous II–VI semiconductor compound films, Chemical Communications, volume 12, pages 1374-1375, DOI:10.1039/b403423f.
Markham ML, Baumberg JJ, Smith DC, Li X, Gabriel T, Attard GS, Nandhakumar IS. (2004) Birefringent cadmium telluride based metamaterial, Applied Physics Letters, volume 86, pages 011912-1-011912-3, DOI:10.1063/1.1844035.

2003

Lu M, Li X, Guo XR, Li HL. (2003) Electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole/thiophene conducting copolymer nanofibrilla arrays and characterization, Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, volume 24, no. 5, pages 903-905.
Li X, Liu WM, Wang CW, Li HL. (2003) Copolymerization of pyrrole and aniline nanofibrils and field emission property of the resulting copolymer, Journal of Material Science Letters, volume 22, no. 21, pages 1519-1521, DOI:10.1023/A:1026159316020.
Huang J, Li X, Xu JC, Li HL. (2003) Well-dispersed single-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite films, Radiocarbon: an international journal of cosmogenic isotope research, volume 41, no. 14, pages 2731-2736, DOI:10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00359-2.
Li X, Wu B, Huang J, Zhang J, Liu ZF, Li HL. (2003) Fabrication and characterization of well-dispersed SWNTs/polyaniline composites, Carbon, volume 41, no. 8, pages 1670-1673, DOI:10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00124-6.
Li X, Niu JL, Zhang J, Liu ZF, Li HL. (2003) Labeling the defects of single-walled carbon nanotubes using titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, volume 107, no. 11, pages 2453-2458, DOI:10.1021/jp026887y.
Li X, Zhang XG, Li HL. (2003) Template synthesis of well-aligned titanium dioxide nanotubes, Applied Physics A: materials science and processing, volume 80, no. 2, pages 317-320, DOI:10.1007/s00339-003-2183-8.

2002

Li X, Lu M, Li HL. (2002) Preparation and Application of Carbon Nanotubes, Sino-German Symposium on Micro/Nano-Technology, Lanzhou, China.
Lu M, Li X, Li HL. (2002) Synthesis and characterization of conducting copolymer nanofibrils of pyrrole and 3-methylthiophene using the template-synthesis method, Materials Science and Engineering A, volume 334, no. 1-2, pages 291-297, DOI:10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01906-2.
Li QW, Yan H, Li X, Zhang J, Liu ZF. (2002) High-density growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes on silicon by fabrication of nanosized catalyst thin films, Chemistry Materials, volume 14, no. 10, pages 4262-4266, DOI:10.1021/cm020300a.
Li X, Lu M, Li HL. (2002) Electrochemical copolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene nanofibrils using the template-synthesis method, Journal of Applied Polymer Sciences, volume 86, no. 10, pages 2403-2407, DOI:10.1002/app.10893.
Lu M, Li X, Yu BZ, Li HL. (2002) Electrochemical behavior of Au colloidal electrode through layer-by-layer self-assembly, Journal of Colloid Interface Sciences, volume 248, no. 2, pages 376-382, DOI:10.1006/jcis.2002.8238.
Li X, Zhang J, Li QW, Li HL, Liu ZF. (2002) Polymerization of short single-walled carbon nanotubes into long strands, Carbon, volume 41, no. 3, pages 598-601, DOI:10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00389-5.

2001

Li XH, Zhang XG, Li HL. (2001) Template Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Nanotubules, Kao Teng Hsueh Hsiao Hua Heush Hsueh Pao/ Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, volume 22, no. 1.
Sun QY, Zhang XG, Li XH, Li HL. (2001) Solvent Effect on the Electrochemical Behavior of Self-assembled Monolayers, Kao Teng Hsueh Hsiao Hua Heush Hsueh Pao/ Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, volume 22, no. 10.
Sun QY, Zhang XG, Li X, Li HL. (2001) Solvent effect on the electrochemical behavior of self-assembled monolayers, Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, volume 22, no. 10, pages 1693-1696.
Zhang XG, Li X, Li HL. (2001) The influence of bromine adsorption on copper electrodeposition on polycrystalline gold electrode modified by the SAMs, Journal of Colloid Interface Sciences, volume 234, pages 68-71, DOI:10.1006/jcis.2000.7307.
Zhang XG, Li X, Li HL. (2001) Preparation and characterization of pyrrole/aniline copolymer nanofibrils using the template-synthesis method, Journal of Applied Polymer Sciences, volume 81, no. 12, pages 3002-3007, DOI:10.1002/app.1750.
Li X, Zhang XG, Li HL. (2001) Template synthesis and characterization of TiO2 nanotubules, Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, volume 22, no. 1, pages 130-132.

2000

Li J, Ren Q, Li X, Zhang Z, Hu J, Dong B. (2000) Synthesis of polyolefin transparency additive DBS in pilot plant, Petrochemical Technology & Application, pages 26-29.
Li X, Zhang XG, Sun QY, Lu WG, Li HL. (2000) Electrochemical deposition of polypyrrole on patterned self-assembled monolayers, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, volume 492, no. 1, pages 23-30, DOI:10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00248-5.

1994

Li X, Li J. (1994) Synthesis of polyolefin transparency additive DBS: Solvents Recovery, Petrochemical Technology & Application, volume 12, pages 36-38.
Li J, Li X, Sun S. (1994) Synthesis of polyolefin transparency additive DBS: Stuff Analysis and Production Quality Evaluation, Petrochemical Technology & Application, volume 12, pages 262-265.

1993

Li J, Li X. (1993) Synthesis of polyolefin transparency additive DBS: Background Research, Petrochemical Technology & Application, volume 11, pages 243-248.

1992

Li J, Li X. (1992) Synthesis of nucleating agent: 1,3; 2,4- dibenzylidene sorbitol, Petrochemical Technology & Application, volume 10, pages 201-206.